Managing States In Microsoft Bot Framework

// Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.
// Licensed under the MIT License.
//
// Generated with Bot Builder V4 SDK Template for Visual Studio EchoBot v4.9.2

using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Karan_EchoBot.Models;
using Microsoft.Bot.Builder;
using Microsoft.Bot.Builder.Dialogs;
using Microsoft.Bot.Schema;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration;

namespace Karan_EchoBot.Bots {
  public class EchoBot < T >: ActivityHandler where T: Microsoft.Bot.Builder.Dialogs.Dialog {
    private IConfiguration _configuration;

    private Microsoft.Bot.Builder.Dialogs.Dialog _dialog;

    private UserState _userState;
    private ConversationState _conversationState;

    public EchoBot(IConfiguration configuration, UserState userState, ConversationState conversationState, T dialog) {
      _userState = userState;
      _conversationState = conversationState;

      _configuration = configuration;

      this._dialog = dialog;

    }

    public override async Task OnTurnAsync(ITurnContext turnContext, CancellationToken cancellationToken =
      default) {
      await base.OnTurnAsync(turnContext, cancellationToken);

      //Saving States.(This is used to save data to User State and Conversation State for each turn)
      await _userState.SaveChangesAsync(turnContext, false, cancellationToken);
      await _conversationState.SaveChangesAsync(turnContext, false, cancellationToken);

    }
    protected override async Task OnMessageActivityAsync(ITurnContext < IMessageActivity > turnContext, CancellationToken cancellationToken) {
      await _dialog.RunAsync(turnContext, _conversationState.CreateProperty < DialogState > ("DialogState"), cancellationToken);

      /*
      // Get Your Data.
      var userData = await _userData.GetAsync(turnContext, () => new UserData(), cancellationToken);
      var conversationData = await _conversationData.GetAsync(turnContext, () => new ConversationData(), cancellationToken);

      if (conversationData.PromptedUserForName && !conversationData.PromptedUserForAddress)
      {
          //Save Name 
          userData.Name = turnContext.Activity.Text;

          await _userData.SetAsync(turnContext, userData, cancellationToken);

          await turnContext.SendActivityAsync(MessageFactory.Text("Where do you stay?"),cancellationToken);

          //Save Conversation 
          conversationData.PromptedUserForAddress = true;

          await _conversationData.SetAsync(turnContext, conversationData,cancellationToken);
      }
      else if (conversationData.PromptedUserForName && conversationData.PromptedUserForAddress)
      {
          //Save Address 
          userData.Address = turnContext.Activity.Text;

          await _userData.SetAsync(turnContext, userData, cancellationToken);

          await turnContext.SendActivityAsync(MessageFactory.Text($"Hi,**{userData.Name}** we will deliver your order at **{userData.Address}**.  \nThanks."),cancellationToken);

      }
      else {

          await turnContext.SendActivityAsync(MessageFactory.Text("Hey, What's your good name?"), cancellationToken);

          //Save Conversation 
          conversationData.PromptedUserForName = true;

          await _conversationData.SetAsync(turnContext, conversationData, cancellationToken);
      }*/
    }

    protected override Task OnEventAsync(ITurnContext < IEventActivity > turnContext, CancellationToken cancellationToken) {
      //Any logic 

      return base.OnEventAsync(turnContext, cancellationToken);
    }

    protected override async Task OnMembersAddedAsync(IList < ChannelAccount > membersAdded, ITurnContext < IConversationUpdateActivity > turnContext, CancellationToken cancellationToken) {
      var welcomeText = "Hello! I am Zobo! A food delivery bot!";

      foreach(var member in membersAdded) {
        if (member.Id != turnContext.Activity.Recipient.Id) {
          await turnContext.SendActivityAsync(MessageFactory.Text(welcomeText, welcomeText), cancellationToken);
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

using Karan_EchoBot.Models;
using Microsoft.Bot.Builder;
using Microsoft.Bot.Builder.Dialogs;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace Karan_EchoBot.Dialog {
  public class RootDialog: ComponentDialog {
    private UserState _userState;
    private ConversationState _conversationState;
    private IStatePropertyAccessor < UserData > _userData;
    private IStatePropertyAccessor < ConversationData > _conversationData;
    public RootDialog(UserState userState, ConversationState conversationState): base(nameof(RootDialog)) {
      _userState = userState;
      _conversationState = conversationState;

      _userData = userState.CreateProperty < UserData > ("UserData");
      _conversationData = conversationState.CreateProperty < ConversationData > ("ConversationData");

      var steps = new WaterfallStep[] {
        AskName,
        AskAddress
      };

      AddDialog(new WaterfallDialog("WaterFallId", steps));
    }

    private async Task < DialogTurnResult > AskAddress(WaterfallStepContext stepContext, CancellationToken cancellationToken) {
      var userData = await _userData.GetAsync(stepContext.Context, () => new UserData(), cancellationToken);

      userData.Name = stepContext.Context.Activity.Text;
      await _userData.SetAsync(stepContext.Context, userData, cancellationToken);

      await stepContext.Context.SendActivityAsync(MessageFactory.Text("This is the second message"), cancellationToken);
      return await stepContext.EndDialogAsync(null);
    }

    private async Task < DialogTurnResult > AskName(WaterfallStepContext stepContext, CancellationToken cancellationToken) {
      var userData = await _userData.GetAsync(stepContext.Context, () => new UserData(), cancellationToken);
      if (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(userData.Name)) {
        await stepContext.Context.SendActivityAsync(MessageFactory.Text($"Hi {userData.Name}!!! What is your address?"), cancellationToken);
      } else {
        await stepContext.Context.SendActivityAsync(MessageFactory.Text("What is your name"), cancellationToken);

      }
      return Microsoft.Bot.Builder.Dialogs.Dialog.EndOfTurn;
    }
  }
}

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