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Introduction To Geospatial Queries In Mongodb

This article introduces geospatial queries in MongoDB.

What Is Geospatial?

Geospatial refers to data linked to a specific location on the Earth's surface, including coordinates and geographic features.

What Are Geospatial Queries?

Geospatial queries are specialized database queries used to retrieve and analyze data based on geographic locations and shapes, such as points, lines, and polygons.

Shapes In Geospatial Queries

Shapes	Description
Point	A single position.
LineString	A set of points linked by straight lines.
Polygon	An area enclosed by multiple points.
MultiPoint, MultiLineString, and MultiPolygon	Collections of points, line strings, and polygons, respectively.
GeometryCollection	A collection of different geometric types.

Location Document Collection

Consider the following location: -

Picture showing the sample mongodb collection

We need to identify all locations within 500 meters.

Creating An Index

The initial step is to create a 2dsphere index.

db.locations.createIndex({ location: "2dsphere" });

Geospatial Query

db.locations.find({
  location: {
    $near: {
      $geometry: {
        type: "Point",
        coordinates: [73.8567, 18.5204]
      },
      $maxDistance: 500  // Distance in meters
    }
  }
});

Output

Posted By -	Karan Gupta

Posted On -	Monday, May 20, 2024

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