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Cosine Similarity In NLP






What Is Cosine Similarity?





Formula


Picture showing the formula for calculating the cosine similarity




  1. A · B = Dot product of vectors A and B
  2. ||A|| = Magnitude (length) of vector A
  3. ||B|| = Magnitude (length) of vector B

Example




A = [1, 2, 3]
B = [2, 4, 6]




A · B = (1×2) + (2×4) + (3×6) = 28




||A|| = √(1² + 2² + 3²) = √14
||B|| = √(2² + 4² + 6²) = √56




28 / (√14 × √56) = 1



Range Of Values


ValueMeaning
1Exactly similar
0No similarity (orthogonal)
-1Opposite direction





Posted By  -  Karan Gupta
 
Posted On  -  Sunday, March 1, 2026

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