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Conditional Statement In Python

In this article, we will discuss conditional statements in Python.

What Are Conditional Statements?

Conditional statements are those that are executed if a certain condition is satisfied.

Different Types Of Conditional Statements

In this article, we will discuss: -

If statement
If-else statement
elif statement

If Statement

This statement evaluates a condition. If the condition is satisfied, then certain actions are performed.

Here is the syntax: -

if condition: Statements to be executed

Or

if condition:
      Statement 1
      Statement 2

In the above syntax, if we are writing statements in the next line then it should be indented. Let us work on an example.

age = 25

if age > 21:
    print("you are eligible to buy liquor")
    print("This line gets executed along with previous line")
print("this line will get executed for sure even if the condition is not satisfied")

In the above example, the first 2 print statements are executed if the condition written inside ‘if’ is satisfied. But the third print statement will execute whether the condition inside ‘if’ is satisfied or not.

Run the above program and you will get the following output: -

Picture showing the output of if conditional statement in python

Click to Enlarge

It is important to note that indentation is the key. If your indentation is not proper, then Python will give a syntax error.

If-Else Statement

If the condition is satisfied, then execute one statement else execute another statement. Here is the syntax: -

if condition:
      Statement 1
else:
      Statement 2

Consider the following example: -

age = 25

if age > 21:
    print("you are eligible to buy liquor")
else:
    print("you are not eligible to buy liquor")

Once you run the above code, you will get the following output: -

Picture showing the output of if-else conditional statement in python

Click to Enlarge

Elif Statement

In the previous section, we checked the if-else statement. But what if we want to add one more if condition in the else section? Then elif’s statement comes into the picture.

Here is the syntax: -

if condition 1:
      Statement 1
elif condition 2:
      Statement 2

Let us work on an example

marks = 90

if marks > 90:
    print ("You have got A grade")
elif marks > 80:
    print ("You have got B grade")
else:
    print ("You have got C grade")

Once you run the program, you will get the following output: -

Picture showing the output of elif conditional statement in python

Click to Enlarge

Nested If

Nested if means an if statement inside another if statement. Let us work on an example: -

age = 21
isIndianCitizen = True


if age > 18:
    if isIndianCitizen == True:
        print("You are eligible to vote")

Once you run the above code, you will get the following output: -

Picture showing the output of nested if conditional statement in python

Click to Enlarge

Ternary Operator

This is one more form of conditional statement. In this operator, we create the inline if-else statement.

Consider the following example

age = 21
isIndianCitizen = True


if age > 18:
    if isIndianCitizen == True:
        print("You are eligible to vote")
else:
    print("not eligible to vote")

In the above code, we are using an if-else block in multiple lines. The same can be achieved using a ternary operator.

age = 21
isIndianCitizen = True


print("You are eligible to vote"  if age > 18 and isIndianCitizen == True else "not eligible to vote")

If the run the above program, you will get the same output.

Posted By -	Karan Gupta

Posted On -	Monday, February 18, 2019

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